Debt Recovery in Romania: A Practice Guide for Foreign Creditors

Romania offers three procedural routes for recovering unpaid commercial invoices from Romanian debtors, with court fees starting at €40 and enforceable titles available in approximately 45 days. This guide sets out the full playbook for creditors based in Germany, the Netherlands, France, the UK, and the United States — from the mandatory demand letter through bank account garnishment. Includes 2026 BNR interest rates, statutory limitation rules, fixed-fee cost breakdown, and when to use EU cross-border instruments versus Romanian domestic procedures.