Branch vs Subsidiary in Romania: Which Structure Should Foreign Investors Choose in 2026
The three Romanian entry vehicles — SRL, branch, and representative office — compared across liability, tax, setup cost, and exit. Written for foreign investors structuring a 2026 market entry.
Debt Recovery in Romania: A Practice Guide for Foreign Creditors
Romania offers three procedural routes for recovering unpaid commercial invoices from Romanian debtors, with court fees starting at €40 and enforceable titles available in approximately 45 days. This guide sets out the full playbook for creditors based in Germany, the Netherlands, France, the UK, and the United States — from the mandatory demand letter through bank account garnishment. Includes 2026 BNR interest rates, statutory limitation rules, fixed-fee cost breakdown, and when to use EU cross-border instruments versus Romanian domestic procedures.
How to Suspend the Activity of a Romanian SRL in 2026 and How to Resume It
Your SRL has no activity but ANAF still expects declarations. A formal suspension at the Trade Register stops the operational clock for up to three years, cancels your VAT code, and qualifies you for a derogatory filing regime. This guide covers both suspension and resumption: procedure, documents, costs, tax obligations that survive, and the traps that lead to involuntary dissolution.
How to Increase the Share Capital of a Romanian SRL in 2026 — Procedure, Documents, Costs
Your SRL needs a capital increase — either because Law 239/2025 mandates it, or because you are admitting a new shareholder. Four methods exist. One completes in three working days. This guide covers the procedure, documents, costs, and the filing errors that cause rejection at the Trade Register.
Changing Your Romanian SRL's Address in 2026 — What You Need to Know
Moving your Romanian SRL to a new address is one of the most common Trade Register amendments — and one of the most misunderstood. Same-county moves require a simple filing; cross-county moves trigger a full re-registration, including a new name reservation check. This guide covers both scenarios, the lease document requirements, the homeowners' association approval trap, and every downstream update you cannot skip. No notary needed. Entire process handled remotely for a fixed fee of €370.
How to Change the Name of a Romanian SRL in 2026 — Complete Guide for Foreign Founders
Your Romanian SRL keeps its CUI, contracts, and full tax history — only the name on the Trade Register changes. This guide covers every step: name reservation at ONRC, shareholders' resolution, filing requirements, Official Gazette publication, and the downstream updates most founders forget. No notary required. Entire process handled remotely from abroad.
Company Incorporation Romania: Cost, Timeline & Process — 2026 Guide
Everything a foreign founder needs to know about incorporating a Romanian company in 2026 — costs (from €640 total), step-by-step process, 1–2 week timeline, 1% micro-enterprise tax, required documents, and common mistakes to avoid. Includes cost tables, jurisdiction comparison, and 3 fixed-fee engagement packages.
Sued in Romania: What Foreign Companies Must Do in the First 72 Hours
Your company received a Romanian court summons. The document is in Romanian. The deadline is 25 days. This guide covers everything a foreign company, director, or investor needs to know — from the first 72 hours to court fees, asset freezing, employment disputes, and how representation actually works when you are 2,000 km away.
Why Checking a Romanian Company Is Not Optional — It Is a Legal Necessity
Why checking a Romanian company is not optional — it is a legal necessity. With over 680,000 active companies and roughly 30% of listed entities being fiscally inactive or insolvent, due diligence is critical. This 2026 guide covers six verification methods: free ANAF fiscal verification (instant), Trade Register portal (free), official Certificat Constatator (€12), court records search (free), AI-powered risk screening (free), and full legal due diligence (€2,000–€5,000). Includes a decision framework, seven red-flag checklist, and glossary of Romanian corporate terms.
7 Red Flags in a Romanian Trade Register Certificate | 2026
Most people order a Certificat Constatator and file it without reading it. Here are 7 problems hiding in plain sight — and what they mean for your money, your contract, or your acquisition.
What Is a Certificat Constatator? Romania Certificate of Status
What is a Certificat Constatator and when do you need one? This guide explains Romania's official Trade Register certificate — what it contains, how to order it online (€12, e-signed PDF), and how it compares to a Certificate of Good Standing. Includes interactive tools and FAQs.
How to Get a Registered Office Address in Romania in 2026
Every company registered in Romania needs a registered office address — but most guides get the requirements wrong. This guide covers exactly what you need to file, what you don't, your four options as a foreign founder, and what each one costs in 2026.
How to Change the Administrator (Director) of a Romanian SRL in 2026
Your SRL's administrator just resigned — and you're 2,000 km away. Romanian law requires a registered administrator at all times; without one, the company cannot sign contracts, issue invoices, or file tax returns. The Trade Register must be updated within 15 days, and the bank mandate won't update itself. This guide covers the full 2026 procedure: shareholders' decision, required documents, ONRC filing, bank mandate transfer, and what to do when the outgoing administrator is uncooperative.
How to Close a Romanian Company (SRL) in 2026 — Guide for Foreign Owners
Opening an SRL takes two weeks. Closing one can take a year — unless you know the shortcut. If your Romanian company has no debts, Art. 235 of Law 31/1990 allows you to dissolve and deregister it in 6–8 weeks, fully remotely, without a liquidator. This guide covers both the simplified and standard procedure step by step — documents, costs, tax implications, and the compliance traps that delay most foreign owners.
New Rules for Transferring Shares in a Romanian SRL in 2026 — ANAF Notification, Tax Clearance, and What Buyers Must Know
Selling or buying a controlling stake in a Romanian SRL used to take days. Since 18 December 2025, Law 239/2025 requires ANAF notification within 15 days, a tax clearance certificate, and bank guarantees for any outstanding tax debts — before the Trade Registry will register the transfer. Here's the complete procedure, what changed, and what buyers and sellers must do differently.
A Roadmap on Company Formation in Turkey
Turkey's position at the crossroads of Europe and Asia makes it a compelling jurisdiction for foreign entrepreneurs. This guest guide by Turkish corporate lawyer Cem Arda Tepe covers entity selection (LLC vs. JSC), the step-by-step incorporation process, costs, documentation, and remote setup for foreign investors.
Types of Companies in Romania in 2026: SRL, SA, PFA, Branch — Which One Should You Choose?
Romania offers several legal structures for doing business — SRL, SA, PFA, branch office — and choosing the wrong one can cost you thousands in taxes, expose you to unlimited personal liability, or block you from the 1% microenterprise regime entirely. This guide compares every entity type available in 2026, updated for the new share capital rules under Law 239/2025, the simplified micro tax regime, and the revised dividend tax rate. Includes a side-by-side comparison and practical recommendations for foreign founders.
How to Open a Bank Account for Your Romanian SRL in 2026: The Complete Guide for Foreign Founders
From 2026, every Romanian company must hold a bank account — and newly incorporated SRLs have just 60 business days to open one. Miss the deadline and ANAF can declare your company fiscally inactive, cancel your VAT registration, and start a 12-month countdown toward dissolution. This guide covers everything foreign founders need to know: the legal obligation under Law 239/2025, the documents required, how the KYC process works for non-resident shareholders, which banks offer remote onboarding, and how to avoid the most common problems that delay or block account opening.
How to Incorporate a Company in Romania in 2026: The Complete Guide for Foreign Founders
Everything foreign entrepreneurs need to know about setting up a Romanian SRL in 2026 — legal structures, step-by-step process, documents, costs, taxation, and compliance obligations.
Fiscal Inactivity in Romania 2026: How ANAF Declares Companies Inactive, Consequences, and How to Reactivate
Since 1 January 2026, the Romanian tax authority (ANAF) can declare companies fiscally inactive for two new reasons: not having a Romanian bank account and not filing annual financial statements within five months of the deadline. A company that remains inactive for more than one year faces dissolution. Here is what triggers fiscal inactivity, what the consequences are, and how to reactivate or prevent it.